Ovarian Cancer Awareness

 Article contributed by Audra Stewart-Gordon, Community Health and Communications Coordinator

Ovarian cancer is the eighth most common cancer in women worldwide and the eighth leading cause of cancer death among women (World Health Organization [WHO], 2022). In the United States alone, an estimated 19,680 new cases and 12,740 deaths are expected in 2024 (American Cancer Society [ACS], 2024). Globally, the burden is even higher in regions where access to gynecological care and early detection tools is limited.

Despite advances in cancer treatment, ovarian cancer survival rates remain low, primarily because the disease is often diagnosed in its later stages when it has already spread (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention [CDC], 2023).

Recognizing the Symptoms

One of the greatest challenges with ovarian cancer is that its early symptoms are subtle and easily mistaken for other conditions. Common signs include:

  • Abdominal bloating or swelling

  • Pelvic or abdominal pain

  • Difficulty eating or feeling full quickly

  • Urinary urgency or frequency
    (Mayo Clinic, 2024)

Other possible symptoms include fatigue, back pain, and changes in bowel habits. If these symptoms persist for more than two weeks, women should consult a healthcare provider. Listening to your body and trusting your instincts is key.

Risk Factors and Genetics

While ovarian cancer can affect anyone with ovaries, certain factors increase the risk:

  • Family history of ovarian, breast, or colorectal cancer

  • Inherited gene mutations like BRCA1 and BRCA2

  • Age (most common after age 50)

  • Endometriosis or hormone replacement therapy
    (National Cancer Institute [NCI], 2023)

Genetic counseling and testing can be lifesaving, especially for those with a strong family history. Knowing your risk can help you make proactive decisions.

There Is No Reliable Screening Test

Unlike breast or cervical cancer, there is currently no reliable screening test for ovarian cancer. Pelvic exams, transvaginal ultrasounds, and CA-125 blood tests can sometimes help, but they’re not accurate enough for widespread screening (U.S. Preventive Services Task Force [USPSTF], 2021). This makes symptom awareness and risk-based monitoring essential.

Hope Through Research

Promising advances are happening in the field of ovarian cancer:

  • PARP inhibitors, especially for BRCA mutation carriers, are extending survival.

  • Immunotherapy and targeted therapies are showing potential in clinical trials.

  • Researchers are also exploring early detection biomarkers and personalized treatment plans.

More funding and advocacy are needed to improve outcomes and make these breakthroughs widely accessible.

Ovarian cancer may be a formidable disease, but knowledge is power. Together, we can fight for earlier detection, better treatments, and a future where no one faces ovarian cancer alone.

References:

POSTTracey Carlsonovarian cancer, cancer risks, recognizing cancer symptoms, HPM